Colorectal cancer and obesity

colorectal cancer and obesity

Revista Societatii de Medicina Interna

Approximately one-quarter of these cancers occur in countries with low socio-economic levels where food deficiencies are implicated in etiology by the imbalance between physical activity and energy intake, while high sugar and fat content are the main factors incriminated in developed colorectal cancer and obesity where a third of the most common cancers occur. The relationship between diet and cancer risk is complex. Thermal food processing can result in carcinogenic byproducts.

For instance, frying or smoking meat can lead to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzopyrene.

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Smoked meat and smoked fish consumption has been linked to gastric cancer in countries with high intake, colorectal cancer and obesity as Japan. Some vegetables, such as celery, endives, cabbage, spinach or turnips, have a high nitrate content, especially if they are stored for more than two days, if they undergo thermal processing or if they are combined with animal proteins.

As nitrates change to nitrosamines, the carcinogenic potential of these types of food increases.

Accepted Apr Copyright © The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Diet can also act as a protection against cancer. A high intake of fruits and vegetables that contain large amounts of fibers has been often associated with a decreased colon cancer risk. Similar associations have been noted for colorectal cancer and obesity cancer and for other epithelial malignancies such as lung, pharynx, larynx, esophageal and breast cancer.

Consuming large amounts of food that contain phytoestrogens selective estrogen modulators may contribute to primary and secondary prophylaxis of endocrine-dependent cancers. The protective effect colorectal cancer and obesity cancer found for both fruits and vegetables is most likely due to a high content of vegetable fibers, specific vitamins and certain bioactive compounds such as carotene found in red vegetablesfolates found in green vegetablesglucosinolates brassica and alkyl sulfates garlic.

Rolul nutriţiei în cancer

The link between cancer and diet is as complex as neoplastic disease itself. Current studies indicate that certain foods and nutrients can help prevent or, on the contrary, develop certain types of cancer. For the other risk factors we have the possibility to change them, including diet. Keywords diet, cancer, prophylaxis Colorectal cancer and obesity Factorii alimentari joacă un rol complex în etiopatogeneza cancerelor umane.

  1. Gastric cancer borrmann

Aproximativ un sfert din aceste tipuri de cancer apar în ţările cu un nivel socioeconomic scăzut, colorectal cancer and obesity deficienţele alimentare sunt implicate în etiologie prin dezechilibrul dintre activitatea fizică şi consumul de energie, în timp ce conţinutul ridicat de zahăr şi grăsimi este principalul factor incriminat în ţările dezvoltate unde apar o treime din cele mai frecvente tipuri de cancer. Relaţia dintre dietă şi riscul de cancer este complexă.

Procesarea termică a unor alimente poate avea colorectal cancer and obesity rezultat produse secundare cancerigene.

Can Obesity Increase Cancer Risk?

De exemplu, carnea prăjită sau afumată poate duce la formarea de hidrocarburi aromatice policiclice, cum ar fi benzopiranul. Consumul crescut de peşte şi carne afumată a fost asociat cu cancerul gastric în unele ţări, cum ar fi Japonia.

Unele legume, precum ţelina, andivele, varza, spanacul sau strugurii, au un conţinut ridicat de nitraţi, mai ales dacă sunt depozitate mai mult de două zile, dacă sunt supuse procesării termice sau dacă sunt combinate cu proteine animale.

Pe măsură ce nitraţii se transformă în nitrozamine, creşte potenţialul carcinogen al acestor tipuri de alimente. Dieta poate acţiona şi ca factor de protecţie împotriva cancerului. Un aport colorectal cancer and obesity de fructe şi legume care conţin cantităţi mari de fibre a fost deseori asociat cu colorectal cancer and obesity risc scăzut de cancer de colon.

Asociaţii similare au fost observate pentru cancerul gastric şi pentru alte afecţiuni maligne epiteliale, cum ar fi cancerul pulmonar, de faringe, de laringe, cancerul esofagian şi cel de sân.

Consumul unor cantităţi mari de alimente care conţin fitoestrogeni modulatori selectivi ai estrogenului poate contribui la profilaxia primară şi secundară a cancerelor endocrin-dependente.

Efectul protector împotriva cancerului, constatat atât pentru fructe, cât şi pentru legume, este cel mai probabil datorat unui conţinut ridicat de fibre vegetale, vitamine şi anumiţi compuşi bioactivi, cum ar fi carotenul aflat în legume roşiifolaţii din legumele verziglucozinolatul Brassica şi sulfatul de alchil usturoi.

Role of nutrition in cancer

Legătura dintre cancer şi dietă este la fel de complexă ca şi boala neoplazică. Studiile actuale indică faptul că anumite alimente şi substanţe nutritive pot preveni sau, dimpotrivă, pot duce la dezvoltarea unor tipuri de cancer. Deşi există mulţi factori care cresc colorectal cancer and obesity de cancer şi care nu pot fi schimbaţi cum ar fi genele şi mediulexistă şi alţii care pot colorectal cancer and obesity controlaţi.

Pentru ceilalţi factori de risc, avem posibilitatea de a-i schimba, inclusiv dieta. Cuvinte cheie dietă cancer profilaxie Nutrition-related factors play a complex role in the etiopathogenesis of human cancers.

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About a quarter of these cancers occur in countries with low socioeconomic levels, where nutritional deficiencies are involved in etiology via imbalance between physical activity and energy intake, while high sugar and fat content are the main factors incriminated in developed countries where a third of the most common cancers occur 1. There are numerous data in favor of the idea that diet is a factor involved in the etiology of some cancers such as colon, stomach, pancreas, breast, ovary, uterus, prostate cancer.

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Several nutritional factor assumptions have been formulated to explain variations in the incidence of a particular neoplasm in different countries. For example, consumption of smoked fish and smoked meat in Japan has been incriminated in the development of stomach cancer. Nutrition can cancer and hpv in carcinogenesis process colorectal cancer and obesity circumstances such as: a.

Although the causes of this disease are not entirely understood, it is known that several factors influence its occurrence. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include age, family history of colon polyps, inflammatory bowel disease and hereditary syndromes, smoking, obesity, sedentarism, alcohol consumption. Evidence is mounting that detecting this risk factors colorectal cancer and obesity a eficient way of selecting persons at high risk for colon cancer, that should undergo the screening mesures.

Providing a source of carcinogens or procarcinogens: foods containing carcinogenic substances or these may occur in the process of food processing or preservation. Encouraging the formation of carcinogenic substances: nitrates and nitrites, colorectal cancer and obesity concentration can be elevated in some foods or drinking water, are transformed into nitrosamines.

1. Introduction

Changing the effects of carcinogens: nutrition can play a protective role against carcinogens through fiber content, vitamins and antioxidants vitamins C, E and A, coenzyme Q10, melatonin, selenium, zinc. Selenium and vitamin E reduce the risk of prostate cancer.

A diet rich in dietary fibers lowers the risk of colon, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach and lung cancers.

colorectal cancer and obesity

A number of studies have suggested the protective effect of folic acid in reducing the risk of colon cancer. This effect can be explained by two theories: 1 the synthesis of radicals, donors of colorectal cancer and obesity groups mediated by folate with methylation of DNA and regulation of gene expression; 2 there is a conversion of uracil to thiamine facilitated by folate, a mechanism involved in DNA repair 3. Epidemiological data suggest that increased consumption of fat, protein, salt and a diet with low dietary fibers content USA, Western Europe are associated with colorectal cancer and obesity increased risk of colon cancer.

Rolul nutriţiei în cancer

The incidence of breast cancer is also high colorectal cancer and obesity countries where there is an increased consumption of saturated fats USA, Scandinavia. The incidence of breast cancer in descendants of Japanese emigrants in the USA is as high as that of the American native population and much higher than that of Japanese residents, suggesting an important role in the diet 3.

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In the process of preparing food by thermal processing, substances with a carcinogenic potential may result. Thus, benzopyrene and other aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons may result from the process of thermal processing pyrolysis of foods, for example, when the meat is roasted or smoked.

Vegetables such as celery, endive, cabbage, spinach, kohlrabi contain large quantities of nitrates, especially if they are preserved for more than two days, if they are thermally prepared or combined with proteins, resulting in nitrosamines that have carcinogenic potential.

A colorectal cancer and obesity of substances such as preservatives or those intended to give color, colorectal cancer and obesity, flavor or a certain consistency can cause potentially mutagenic effects, which is why some of these have been removed from the market. For example, an increased content of saccharin determines bladder cancer in mice.

Although they seem to lack a clear connection, epidemiologic analysis found a significant association. This led to further evaluation and identification of molecular pathways that stand at the basis of these findings. One of them is chronic inflammation, a state associated colorectal cancer and obesity obesity and colorectal cancer. Adipose tissue from obese individuals suffers a pathogenic switch responsible for higher inflammatory capacity. This modulates the interplay between inflammation and colorectal cancer cells.

There is no clear epidemiological evidence in humans concerning the involvement of saccharin in the etiology of cancers. The nitrite or nitrate content nitrates can be reduced to nitrite in the gastrointestinal tract via the intervention of Helicobacter pylori of foods, and especially of meat, is another controversial topic.

The fact that nitrites combine with secondary amines to form nitrosamines in the gastrointestinal colorectal cancer and obesity is an essential argument for diminishing the consumption of nitrite as food additives 3,4.

colorectal cancer and obesity

The factors in the diet can also play a protective role. Thus, increased consumption of vegetables and fruits with high fiber content has been consistently associated with a low risk of colon cancer. Such arguments are also available for stomach cancers and other epithelial cancers such colorectal cancer and obesity lung, pharynx, larynx, esophagus and breast cancers colorectal cancer and obesity.

It has been shown that strategies including diet modification involving estrogen modulators selective estrogen modulators such as phytoestrogens can provide effective strategies for the prevention of cancers mediated by endocrine mechanisms.

AGRICULTURA

Aflatoxin — a mycotoxin of Aspergillus flavus and A. The carcinogenic role of the hepatitis B and C viruses, as well as the presence of aflatoxin in food is correlated with the increased incidence of liver cancer in Asian and African rice-consuming countries colorectal cancer and obesity under humid conditions, rice is contaminated with the Aspergillus flavus fungus which secretes aflatoxin, a strong carcinogen involved in hepatocarcinoma etiopathogenesis 3,4.

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Nutrition is a factor involved in the etiology of cancers such as colon, stomach, pancreas, breast, ovary, uterus, prostate cancers.

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